Zobrazujú sa príspevky s označením floods. Zobraziť všetky príspevky
Zobrazujú sa príspevky s označením floods. Zobraziť všetky príspevky

utorok 28. júna 2011

Dunajská povodeň roku 1787 a Bratislava.

Pišút, P., 2011. Dunajská povodeň roku 1787 a Bratislava (The 1787 flood of the River Danube in Bratislava). Geografický časopis, 63 (1): 87-109, English abstract and summary.

The flood that occurred at the turn of October and November of 1787 was probably the second largest one on record of the last millenium in the River Danube. This "All Saints´flood hit most badly the Austrian reach of the Upper Danube and the Slovak section of the Middle Danube with the severest material damage to the area of contemporary greater Bratislava (suburbs of Petržalka and Rusovce). With the estimated peak flow of 11,800 m3.s-1 it had a character of a 200-500 year flood in Bratislava. This paper is aimed to reconstruct the causes, course and effects of the flood, mainly based on analysis of contemporary reports published in the local German newspaper Presburger Zeitung, supplemented by the 1781-1790 manuscipt maps. This flood was exceptional for its occurrence in the autumn period with pronounced geomorphic effects. Fortunately, the high flow only took a minimum toll of lives in Slovakia and its destructive impact on residential buildings, boat mills and vessels was not as devastating as in the case of other large floods, especially those caused by the jammed ice. Nevertheless, it was one of the most destructive events (1787, 1809) that badly damaged the right-bank artificial levee of Petržalka, an important local protective structure intended to prevent flooding and facilitate transportation to Vienna.

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štvrtok 5. februára 2009

Endangerment of the village Čunovo (Slovakia) by lateral erosion of the Danube River in the 18th Century.

Pišút, P., 2008. Endangerment of the village Čunovo (Slovakia) by lateral erosion of the Danube River in the 18th Century. Moravian Geographical Reports, 16 (4): 33-44. 9 Figs., 39 refs., 18 historical map references.

Analysis of old maps enabled reconstruction of extremely dynamic channel changes of the Danube River along the part of its Slovak reach at the end of the 18th century. Prior to 1790, rapid development of a new Danube meander led to partial destruction of the small village Čunovo near Bratislava. Stone groynes were constructed to protect the undercut banks and to divert the flow into the new channel. Retreat of eroded banks at Čunovo over the periods 1783-1790 and 1790-1794 reached up to 432 and 229 m, respectively. Corresponding maximum rates of lateral erosion 57-72 m per year and/or 31-76 m during a single event are comparatively high in Central European conditions. Initiation and rapid development of the new meander were related to 1) increased river activity during the last onset of the Little Ice Age period, 2) serious channel changes after 1760 on the immediately upstream reach from Bratislava to Rusovce, 3) siltation of the Lesser Danube, but also to 4) local predisposition of the floodplain topography.

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Meandrovanie Dunaja pri Bodíkoch pred zmenou charakteru riečiska v 18. storočí.

Pišút, P., 1995. Meandrovanie Dunaja pri Bodíkoch pred zmenou charakteru riečiska v 18. storočí. Geografický časopis, 47 (4): 285-298.

utorok 27. januára 2009

History of the Ostrov Kopáč island - História územia Ostrova Kopáč.

Pišút, P., Timár, G., 2007. História územia ostrova Kopáč, pp. 7-30. In: Majzlan, O. (ed.) Príroda ostrova Kopáč. Fytoterapia OZ, Bratislava, 287 s. In Slovak with English summary, 6 Figs.

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Ostrov Kopáč, jadro prírodnej rezervácie. Ostrov Kopáč Island, core of the current nature reserve: massive gravel body was deposited by major floods of 1780s-1810s, originally as a large point bar of rapidly developing Danube meander. Foto © P.Pišút.


Ostrov Kopáč, jarný aspekt. Foto 15.4.2007 © P.Pišút.

Zimná nálada na Kopáči. Foto 28.12.2008 © P.Pišút.